Cemetery of Priscilla and the Alchemical Rod Origin

In the cemetery of Priscilla, in a subterranean early Christian Rome, the symbolic hermetic rod may take its origin from a fresco representing Moses.

In Alchemical collections images, we often see personages holding rods or thin wands. Searching for this allegory’s origin might help us to get a more accurate meaning.

The cemetery of Santa Priscilla is a vast subterranean burial system in the area of Via Salaria. Who exactly was this Santa Priscilla, among three martyrs with this name, is somewhat uncertain. In the Acts of Apostles, chapter 18, three martyrs named Priscilla were mentioned. In “Roma Sotterranea, Opera Postuma by Antonio Bosio Romano”, Roma 1610,    the author quotes Damasus in his Vita di San Marcello papa, or the life of St. Marcello pope: ” hic rogavit quandam Matronam, nomine Priscilla, et fecit Coemeterium Via Salaria”, or this one asked a matron, called Priscilla, and made the cemetery in Via Salaria. But, as Antonio Bosio Romano pointed out, it was customary of the Acts of Apostles to use the verb to make in place of to restore or improve. So, the huge cemetery in Via Salaria was probably neither made by San Marcello nor his contemporary Priscilla, but perhaps by the second Priscilla, mother of St. Pudente and grandmother of Sante Prassede and Pudentiana—all martyrs.

Quite certainly the third Priscilla developed the area where many early popes would be buried later. Till Celestine the first, if we believe the letter sent to Charlemagne by his contemporary pope. The Greek Chapel, or Cappella Greca, is in Via Salaria Nuova and develops in a long series of “Cubicula”, or tunnels.

The picture we are examining is taken from a lithographic album edited by Giovanni Battista De Rossi in 1880, on the occasion of his fifth tome of “Roma Sotterranea”. The lithographs are from various authors.

Among very interesting frescoed images that reminded me of a symbolism serving hermeticism, I was caught up by this Moses beating a rock on a vault. Those who are not new to this site know that I’m not easily stopped by false reverence when discovering a hermetic detail ( and very often, more than a detail) inside a medieval Christian building, that’s to say, an age in which Christendom was a system of power. But, on this occasion, I don’t want to seem disrespectful toward a burial place of martyrs.  Honor and reverence for the dead, first of all. In an age in which to be a Christian, I meant to face the roman ruling power’s cruelty courageously. But I don’t think to lack respect toward these martyrs if I say that many heterogeneous symbols and allegories have traveled further in the Christian carriage in the early periods.

Having said that, I beg to differ from many Italian archaeologists ( almost all, if not one can forget to apply as an archaeologist in Rome) putting forward a hermetic reading of some details in this chapel in the Cemetery of Priscilla. It should require a considerable imagination to keep together all those strange details:

Archaeologists defined him as Noah, who came out of the ark ( strange stone ark, although very intriguing. We will see in a coming post how ark symbolism had much in joint with the art of memory). Why the so-called Noah, in the next scene, is on a tree of life? In my article on Holbein’s dead Christ (1), I have already said that Christendom, at least the late one, is not so enthusiastic about resurrected independent persons. They instead prefer dissolution.

For all the examined details (see a gallery on the next page),  there is a hermetic explanation more rational and logical than a gathering of biblical episodes separated from each other and not telling the same story. They could tell us an alchemical continuous if interpreted according to Alchemy keys.

We know that our first matter Materia Prima is Mercurius/Secret Fire extracted from the raw matter through reiterated salts volatilizations. Very often, volatilization supposes a previous dissolution. This is, by far, the “conditio sine qua non”, or the needed condition to achieve our Secret Fire.

A synonym of Mercurius is “Water”, a flowing substance.  Sometimes a flowing substance that doesn’t wet hands. Often we do have to do with fumes, indeed (2).

But, back to Moses, when he strikes the rock to open it (we know we have to destroy raw matters to get the inside out), he gets the flowing substance (Mercurius) to beverage his people. And we know that the alchemical embryo has to be breastfed (3). We need repetition twice to get a real alchemical embryo ( see an Opus Magnum scheme).

An observation: Moses’ episode is painted on a vault. Coincidently, guess what Fulcanelli calls a  “Stone Vault”? Yes, our Mercurius Philosophorum. Likely Fulcanelli meant the famous ( because very hidden) wooden rod used in dry metallurgic paths to perform all that without a dissolvent.

A last observation: the presence of a vase with vegetation above the Moses scene. You can see this symbol ( which is hardly a Christian symbol) very often in later Italian paintings (but only those with hermetic details). And consistently above a “springing” source (4). The vase is also a symbol of memory. And the stick is what triggers the memory. This interpretation is explained in more detail in Raffaello e…

Many of the current inexplicable alchemical symbolism origins date back to Bible. And without this in mind, it isn’t easy to understand why a simple rod could represent all that. Other symbols will stand for the same concept, anyway. And the same rod, for the rule of three, may stand for at least three different concepts.

I know what you are thinking: ” Why has God ordered Moses to use a rod stick to open the rock? “. Well, it is pretty impossible to go back in the night of times to find another outstanding rod. Aside from asking for help from Greek mythology, of course: Remi d’Auxerre, in his commentary on the second book of the Marriage of Philology and Mercury by Martianus Capella, names the rod that only Hermes/Mercury can shake, that is, the rod of memory—Memorem Virga, the rod that makes us remember.

Alchemical symbolism is all but consequential and systematic. Not because Alchemy is a chaotic discipline but rather because of the antiquity of its origin. Ancient people lacked our modern mathematical minds. We are proud to infer by syllogisms, they by hyperboles. While insights learn Alchemy. To be honest, Moses had already used his rod to divide the red sea waters to let his people through. One might say that Moses led his people through a desert after the great Mercurial division ( Mercurius Duplicatus). But, to arrive in Israel, Moses must cross the red sea and the Sinai desert. That was not a hermetic myth. That was the reality. Some researchers give meaning to the land they travel to, but this is a forcing. The first “invention” was the rock’s opening, and I prefer to search for a hidden meaning for that. See Raffaello Sanzio and a Rod Semantics, Pietro Perugino and the Moon, Lady of the Rod , Benedetto Mazzotta and Rods Celebrating a Headpiece.

1. Hans Holbein Dead Christ Builds his Grave ;
2. See also Symbola Aureae Mensae and the Supreme Purpose and Hortulus Hermeticus and Love Between Fumes ;
3. See also Kamala Jnana, from Black to White and Cabala Mineralis or the She Horse on Urine Work part 2 ;
4. See also Andrea da Murano: a Painter and the Art of Fire ;